A variety of stores offer loyalty programs. participating shoppers swipe a bar-coded tag at the register when checking out and receive discounts on certain purchases. stores benefit by gleaning information about shopping habits and hope to encourage shoppers to spend more. a typical saturday morning shopper who does not participate in this program spends $150 on her or his order. in a sample of 80 shoppers participating in the loyalty program, each shopper spent $160 on average during recent saturday, with standard deviation s =$40. is this statistical proof that the shoppers participating in the loyalty program spend more on average than typical shoppers?