Respuesta :
Answer:
a) Their average weight is of 187 pounds.
b) 0.4562 = 45.62% probability that the maximum safe weight will be exceeded.
c) 0.002 = 0.2% probability that the maximum safe weight will be exceeded
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve this question, we need to understand the normal probability distribution and the central limit theorem.
Normal Probability Distribution
Problems of normal distributions can be solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the z-score of a measure X is given by:
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the p-value, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
Central Limit Theorem
The Central Limit Theorem establishes that, for a normally distributed random variable X, with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the sampling distribution of the sample means with size n can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]s = \frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}[/tex].
For a skewed variable, the Central Limit Theorem can also be applied, as long as n is at least 30.
a. If 44 people are on the elevator, and their total weight is 8228 pounds, what is their average weight?
8228/44 = 187
Their average weight is of 187 pounds.
b. If a random sample of 44 adult men ride the elevator, what is the probability that the maximum safe weight will be exceeded?
For men, we have that [tex]\mu = 186, \sigma = 60[/tex]
Sample of 44 means that [tex]n = 44, s = \frac{60}{\sqrt{44}}[/tex]
This probability is 1 subtracted by the p-value of Z when X = 187. So
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
By the Central Limit Theorem
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}[/tex]
[tex]Z = \frac{187 - 186}{\frac{60}{\sqrt{44}}}[/tex]
[tex]Z = 0.11[/tex]
[tex]Z = 0.11[/tex] has a p-value of 0.5438.
1 - 0.5438 = 0.4562
0.4562 = 45.62% probability that the maximum safe weight will be exceeded.
c. If a random sample of 44 adult women ride the elevator, what is the probability that the maximum safe weight will be exceeded?
For women, we have that [tex]\mu = 157, \sigma = 69[/tex]
Sample of 44 means that [tex]n = 44, s = \frac{69}{\sqrt{44}}[/tex]
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}[/tex]
[tex]Z = \frac{187 - 157}{\frac{69}{\sqrt{44}}}[/tex]
[tex]Z = 2.88[/tex]
[tex]Z = 2.88[/tex] has a p-value of 0.998.
1 - 0.998 = 0.002.
0.002 = 0.2% probability that the maximum safe weight will be exceeded
