Note that in a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, Eve acts as an intermediary between Alice and Bob, allowing her to intercept and potentially modify their communication.
What is a Man in the Middle Attack?
A man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack occurs when a perpetrator inserts himself into a dialogue between a user and an application, either to eavesdrop or to mimic one of the parties, giving the impression that a regular flow of information is taking place.
Here's how the attack could work:
- Eve creates a public and private key and tricks Bob into registering PKE as a trusted certificate authority.
- Alice and Bob establish an SSL/TLS connection using certificates from a real certificate authority (CA).
- Eve intercepts the connection between Alice and Bob and establishes a separate SSL/TLS connection with each of them using her own certificate from PKE.
- Bob trusts PKE as a CA, so he accepts Eve's certificate as valid.
- Alice, however, does not trust PKE as a CA, so she may reject Eve's certificate. To bypass this, Eve can present Alice with a forged certificate from a real CA that Alice trusts.
- Once Alice accepts the forged certificate, Eve has successfully established separate SSL/TLS connections with both Alice and Bob.
- Eve can now intercept and potentially modify the communication between Alice and Bob, even though they are using SSL/TLS and have certificates from a real CA.
- It's important to note that SSL/TLS and certificates from a real CA can still provide a high level of security against MITM attacks, but it is important for clients to carefully verify the identity of the certificate issuer and to ensure that they are not accepting forged certificates.
Learn more about MITM attack:
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